# \#time-frequency **URL:** https://mne.discourse.group/tag/time-frequency/28.md [Latest](https://mne.discourse.group/latest.md) · [Categories](https://mne.discourse.group/categories.md) · [Tags](https://mne.discourse.group/tags.md) --- ## [Why is the number of tapers in mne.time\_frequency.tfr\_array\_multitaper equal to floor(time\_bandwidth - 1)?](https://mne.discourse.group/t/why-is-the-number-of-tapers-in-mne-time-frequency-tfr-array-multitaper-equal-to-floor-time-bandwidth-1/11925)
**Author:** [@Isi](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Isi)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [August 12, 2026, 11:26am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/why-is-the-number-of-tapers-in-mne-time-frequency-tfr-array-multitaper-equal-to-floor-time-bandwidth-1/11925 "2026-08-12T11:26:50Z")
When writing down the math behind multitaper, I read that the number of tapers L of is recommended to be \[1,2\]: L\<\<2 alpha -1, where alpha = 1/2 \* R \* T, with R: full frequency bandwidth, and alpha \>=1 \[1, eq. 22\]. Fr… --- ## [Workshop: The A to Z of EEG Analysis with BrainVision Analyzer 2](https://mne.discourse.group/t/workshop-the-a-to-z-of-eeg-analysis-with-brainvision-analyzer-2/11888)
**Author:** [@BrainProducts](https://mne.discourse.group/u/BrainProducts)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [July 14, 2026, 11:26am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/workshop-the-a-to-z-of-eeg-analysis-with-brainvision-analyzer-2/11888 "2026-07-14T11:26:06Z")
Hi all, We have an EEG analysis workshop coming up in September in Munich, the details are below. This workshop could be useful for researchers at all levels who are familiar with EEG acquisition and want to delve into … --- ## [System deadlock when saving TFR object after computing TFR from epochs](https://mne.discourse.group/t/system-deadlock-when-saving-tfr-object-after-computing-tfr-from-epochs/11852)
**Author:** [@juliemichelle](https://mne.discourse.group/u/juliemichelle)\ **Replies:** 10\ **Last updated:** [June 11, 2026, 10:02am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/system-deadlock-when-saving-tfr-object-after-computing-tfr-from-epochs/11852 "2026-06-11T10:02:55Z")
Hi, I am trying to calculate TFR objects per subject x session from my group epochs object. My system seems to get in some sort of deadlock at the power.save() stage of the first subject x session (i.e. the first iterat… --- ## [OPM-FLUX Toolkit 2026 - Register now!](https://mne.discourse.group/t/opm-flux-toolkit-2026-register-now/11825)
**Author:** [@jenny-anisimova](https://mne.discourse.group/u/jenny-anisimova)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [May 1, 2026, 3:24pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/opm-flux-toolkit-2026-register-now/11825 "2026-05-01T15:24:46Z")
Dear all, We are delighted to announce that the OPM-FLUX toolkit will be held on the 13th-16th July 2026 at St. Catherine’s College at the University of Oxford! We encourage everyone who is interested in OPM-MEG data an… --- ## [Contrasted TFR issue after TFCE permutation test](https://mne.discourse.group/t/contrasted-tfr-issue-after-tfce-permutation-test/11552)
**Author:** [@Raspail](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Raspail)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [October 28, 2025, 10:17am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/contrasted-tfr-issue-after-tfce-permutation-test/11552 "2025-10-28T10:17:52Z")
MNE version: 1.7.1 Python version : 3.12 Operating system: Win10 Hello everyone, I’m currently performing a time-frequency analysis on EEG data with a within-subject design (19 participants, two conditions: pre-TMS a… --- ## [High variability in TFr plots](https://mne.discourse.group/t/high-variability-in-tfr-plots/11321)
**Author:** [@JoeLimewire](https://mne.discourse.group/u/JoeLimewire)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [June 29, 2025, 1:55am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/high-variability-in-tfr-plots/11321 "2025-06-29T01:55:05Z")
MNE version: 1.8.0 Operating system: Windows 11 Hi all, I’m having issues with my TFr plots, the percentage change of spectral power when compared to baseline is wild (high variability) despite my data going through r… --- ## [TFR Analysis and Cluster-Based Permutation with 1 sample and two conditions](https://mne.discourse.group/t/tfr-analysis-and-cluster-based-permutation-with-1-sample-and-two-conditions/10500)
**Author:** [@biagioscalingipsy](https://mne.discourse.group/u/biagioscalingipsy)\ **Replies:** 7\ **Last updated:** [April 1, 2025, 4:04am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/tfr-analysis-and-cluster-based-permutation-with-1-sample-and-two-conditions/10500 "2025-04-01T04:04:38Z")
MNE version: 1.8.0 operating system: macOS Sonoma 14.3.1 Hi everyone, I’m a beginner with MNE and I’ve recently started working on time-frequency analysis with my EEG data. I’m analyzing data from a within-subjects de… --- ## [Observations dimension for permutation cluster test with time-frequency data](https://mne.discourse.group/t/observations-dimension-for-permutation-cluster-test-with-time-frequency-data/5639)
**Author:** [@Sebasdevrs](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Sebasdevrs)\ **Replies:** 14\ **Last updated:** [March 29, 2025, 10:36pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/observations-dimension-for-permutation-cluster-test-with-time-frequency-data/5639 "2025-03-29T22:36:12Z")
Hi MNE team! I’m doing a time-frequency analysis on the difference between two conditions with regards to activity in one EEG channel. Everything has been going well so far, but the finding (and visualizing) of signific… --- ## [Apply or not baseline correction for Time-Frequency analysis](https://mne.discourse.group/t/apply-or-not-baseline-correction-for-time-frequency-analysis/10402)
**Author:** [@Johan](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Johan)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [March 18, 2025, 12:38pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/apply-or-not-baseline-correction-for-time-frequency-analysis/10402 "2025-03-18T12:38:07Z")
Hi everyone, I’m working on a time-frequency EEG analysis with MNE-Python with quite long epochs (9.6 seconds). I was wondering if baseline correction is recommended in this context, and if yes, at which point in the an… --- ## [Seeking Advice on SEEG Time-Frequency Analysis Workflow](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-advice-on-seeg-time-frequency-analysis-workflow/10719)
**Author:** [@const](https://mne.discourse.group/u/const)\ **Replies:** 17\ **Last updated:** [March 6, 2025, 5:38am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-advice-on-seeg-time-frequency-analysis-workflow/10719 "2025-03-06T05:38:14Z")
Hi everyone, I’m currently working on analyzing SEEG data, specifically comparing power time series in different conditions (e.g., positive vs. negative emotion) within a specific frequency band, such as high gamma. I’d… --- ## [threshold for edf signals](https://mne.discourse.group/t/threshold-for-edf-signals/6445)
**Author:** [@zainab](https://mne.discourse.group/u/zainab)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [February 5, 2025, 11:33am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/threshold-for-edf-signals/6445 "2025-02-05T11:33:19Z")
How to estimate threshold to find the difference between two edf signals (relax and concetration) --- ## [Can I save a PSD spectrum in an mne .fif file?](https://mne.discourse.group/t/can-i-save-a-psd-spectrum-in-an-mne-fif-file/7688)
**Author:** [@Joanna](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Joanna)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [October 19, 2023, 12:12pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/can-i-save-a-psd-spectrum-in-an-mne-fif-file/7688 "2023-10-19T12:12:23Z")
MNE version: e.g. 1.3.1 operating system: e.g. Windows 10 I am trying to save some epochs as a psd spectrum in a .fif file, so that my colleague can just load them into their computations. I can create the object and s… --- ## [load and display csv file correctly](https://mne.discourse.group/t/load-and-display-csv-file-correctly/10611)
**Author:** [@oyamat](https://mne.discourse.group/u/oyamat)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [December 10, 2024, 6:41am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/load-and-display-csv-file-correctly/10611 "2024-12-10T06:41:28Z")
Hello, I am trying time-frequency analysis by using csv file according to “Overview of MEG/EEG analysis with MNE-Python”. But, I could not load csv file correctly. “raw.plot” displays only axis not wave, if I add scali… --- ## [source of equation](https://mne.discourse.group/t/source-of-equation/10579)
**Author:** [@oyamat](https://mne.discourse.group/u/oyamat)\ **Replies:** 5\ **Last updated:** [November 29, 2024, 11:53pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/source-of-equation/10579 "2024-11-29T23:53:00Z")
mne version 1.8.0 windows 11 Hi experts, I am a biginner of mne. I study time\_frequency.py(mne-python/mne/minimum\_norm/time\_frequency). In def \_single\_epoch\_tfr, line432, script is plv\_f /= np.abs(plv\_f). Please l… --- ## [beamforming - eeg - interpolation](https://mne.discourse.group/t/beamforming-eeg-interpolation/10334)
**Author:** [@apoorva6262](https://mne.discourse.group/u/apoorva6262)\ **Replies:** 5\ **Last updated:** [November 11, 2024, 8:56am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/beamforming-eeg-interpolation/10334 "2024-11-11T08:56:16Z")
I had a question about using beamforming methods on eeg task data( using stop task data) . I am using the DICS method given I am interested in time frequency responses. However, quite a few eeg files have noisy channels … --- ## [Seeking advices for baseline correction in SEEG time-frequency analysis](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-advices-for-baseline-correction-in-seeg-time-frequency-analysis/9354)
**Author:** [@const](https://mne.discourse.group/u/const)\ **Replies:** 5\ **Last updated:** [September 30, 2024, 11:56am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-advices-for-baseline-correction-in-seeg-time-frequency-analysis/9354 "2024-09-30T11:56:48Z")
Hi all, I’m currently working on single-trial GLM analysis of SEEG data in the high-gamma band. My initial steps involve extracting epochs and calculating the time-frequency representation (TFR) for each trial. However,… --- ## [Time Frequency analysis (STFT or Morlet) and details on tfr\_array\_morlet()](https://mne.discourse.group/t/time-frequency-analysis-stft-or-morlet-and-details-on-tfr-array-morlet/9325)
**Author:** [@Johan](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Johan)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [September 18, 2024, 7:21am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/time-frequency-analysis-stft-or-morlet-and-details-on-tfr-array-morlet/9325 "2024-09-18T07:21:39Z")
Hi all, I’m working on the analysis of temporal frequencies (TF) in EEG, and I used the function tfr\_array\_morlet() with n\_cycles = 6. My aim is to extract power from the 8-30 Hz band to analyze alpha and beta oscillati… --- ## [Cross frequency coupling](https://mne.discourse.group/t/cross-frequency-coupling/9296)
**Author:** [@mouseresearch](https://mne.discourse.group/u/mouseresearch)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [September 9, 2024, 3:46pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/cross-frequency-coupling/9296 "2024-09-09T15:46:09Z")
I am facing problem with calculating PAC(Phase Amplitude coupling). My Raw data structure is like this - 1 coloumn with multiple rows with no variable inside the datasets,( my data structure - ‘data’: array(\[\[274.3722,… --- ## [FOOOF fg.get\_params('peak\_params') ValueError: setting an array element with a sequence. The requested array has an inhomogeneous shape after 1 dimensions. The detected shape was (20,) + inhomogeneous part.](https://mne.discourse.group/t/fooof-fg-get-params-peak-params-valueerror-setting-an-array-element-with-a-sequence-the-requested-array-has-an-inhomogeneous-shape-after-1-dimensions-the-detected-shape-was-20-inhomogeneous-part/9271)
**Author:** [@clgdx](https://mne.discourse.group/u/clgdx)\ **Replies:** 4\ **Last updated:** [September 3, 2024, 10:25am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/fooof-fg-get-params-peak-params-valueerror-setting-an-array-element-with-a-sequence-the-requested-array-has-an-inhomogeneous-shape-after-1-dimensions-the-detected-shape-was-20-inhomogeneous-part/9271 "2024-09-03T10:25:14Z")
MNE version: 1.5.1\_0 operating system: macOS 14.5 Hello, i’m trying to apply a FOOOFGroup method on a matrix of 20 PSD with 201 point of frequencies. When i’m runing the ‘fg.group\_results’ i’v this kind of message - t… --- ## [Seeking Guidance on Statistical Tests for SEEG Analysis with MNE](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-guidance-on-statistical-tests-for-seeg-analysis-with-mne/9148)
**Author:** [@const](https://mne.discourse.group/u/const)\ **Replies:** 3\ **Last updated:** [August 2, 2024, 2:02pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/seeking-guidance-on-statistical-tests-for-seeg-analysis-with-mne/9148 "2024-08-02T14:02:41Z")
Hi everyone, I’ve recently been working with SEEG data in MNE, focusing primarily on (generalized linear model) GLM analysis. However, I have some uncertainties regarding the statistical tests applicable to my analysis,… --- ## [Can I reconstruct the input signal with the output of \`tfr\_array\_morlet\`](https://mne.discourse.group/t/can-i-reconstruct-the-input-signal-with-the-output-of-tfr-array-morlet/8957)
**Author:** [@datalw](https://mne.discourse.group/u/datalw)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [June 20, 2024, 11:40am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/can-i-reconstruct-the-input-signal-with-the-output-of-tfr-array-morlet/8957 "2024-06-20T11:40:48Z")
MNE version: e.g. 1.6.1 operating system: Windows 11 from mne.time\_frequency import tfr\_array\_morlet fs=2048 n\_time = np.arange(0, 5, 1/fs) source\_1 = np.sin(3\*2\*np.pi\*n\_time+2) + 8 #3hz source\_2 = np.sin(2\*2\*np.pi\*n\_t… --- ## [combine\_adjacency for TFR eeg data](https://mne.discourse.group/t/combine-adjacency-for-tfr-eeg-data/8635)
**Author:** [@apoorva6262](https://mne.discourse.group/u/apoorva6262)\ **Replies:** 9\ **Last updated:** [April 23, 2024, 8:25pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/combine-adjacency-for-tfr-eeg-data/8635 "2024-04-23T20:25:19Z")
I am working on eeg TFR data. I have two groups (1& 2) and I used morlet wavelets to get the TFR data. Now I need to perform a cluster permutation test to identify significant clusters for 2 ROIs (c1 +c3 and c2+c4 channe… --- ## [single trial baseline correction for time frequency data](https://mne.discourse.group/t/single-trial-baseline-correction-for-time-frequency-data/6994)
**Author:** [@aajuse](https://mne.discourse.group/u/aajuse)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [June 2, 2023, 12:10pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/single-trial-baseline-correction-for-time-frequency-data/6994 "2023-06-02T12:10:30Z")
Hello, Using MNE, is there a way to do full epoch length single-trial baseline correction for time-frequency data? I have data from a reading task that used a lot of different types of events and wanted to implement si… --- ## [Join us for FLUX 4-day workshop in University of Birmingham 11th -14th June 2024](https://mne.discourse.group/t/join-us-for-flux-4-day-workshop-in-university-of-birmingham-11th-14th-june-2024/8559)
**Author:** [@Roland3345](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Roland3345)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [March 25, 2024, 7:15pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/join-us-for-flux-4-day-workshop-in-university-of-birmingham-11th-14th-june-2024/8559 "2024-03-25T19:15:47Z")
Toolkit in Using the FLUX Pipeline for MEG Research Join us for an immersive learning experience using the FLUX pipeline for MEG data analysis Toolkit at the Centre for Human Brain Health at the University of Birmingham… --- ## [Concatenating EpochsTFR objects](https://mne.discourse.group/t/concatenating-epochstfr-objects/8463)
**Author:** [@eort](https://mne.discourse.group/u/eort)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [March 12, 2024, 8:25pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/concatenating-epochstfr-objects/8463 "2024-03-12T20:25:05Z")
Hi all, I would like to concatenate EpochsTFR objects, unfortunately, it seems there is no function in mne that does that. Is there a reason that mne.concatenate\_epochs() is limited to BaseEpochs? I just had a quick loo… --- ## [Time-frequency data must be complex for source localization?](https://mne.discourse.group/t/time-frequency-data-must-be-complex-for-source-localization/8378)
**Author:** [@hariguna](https://mne.discourse.group/u/hariguna)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [February 27, 2024, 3:54pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/time-frequency-data-must-be-complex-for-source-localization/8378 "2024-02-27T15:54:04Z")
Hello, I would like to source localize the TFRs using the method apply\_inverse\_tfr\_epochs since I have already computed them at the sensor level using tfr\_multitaper and saved them as epochsTFR. However, when trying to … --- ## [ERD/ERS in the Frequency Domain](https://mne.discourse.group/t/erd-ers-in-the-frequency-domain/8166)
**Author:** [@f61](https://mne.discourse.group/u/f61)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [January 19, 2024, 8:49am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/erd-ers-in-the-frequency-domain/8166 "2024-01-19T08:49:15Z")
Hello everyone, I was doing EEG recordings as part of my project and at certain times stimuli appeared in the form of arrows. As soon as the stimulus arrives, a movement is performed. During signal processing, I analyse… --- ## [plot power ratio by frequency, for each sensor](https://mne.discourse.group/t/plot-power-ratio-by-frequency-for-each-sensor/8094)
**Author:** [@Sushi](https://mne.discourse.group/u/Sushi)\ **Replies:** 0\ **Last updated:** [January 5, 2024, 11:36pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/plot-power-ratio-by-frequency-for-each-sensor/8094 "2024-01-05T23:36:02Z")
Hello all, I want to plot the power ratio of two different conditions per sensor. I do the following steps: calculate PSD1 (condition1) :PSD1= raw1.compute\_psd(); calculate PSD2 (condition2) : PSD2=raw2.compute\_psd()… --- ## [Setting window size in Time-Frequency Analysis](https://mne.discourse.group/t/setting-window-size-in-time-frequency-analysis/8046)
**Author:** [@corvo1795](https://mne.discourse.group/u/corvo1795)\ **Replies:** 1\ **Last updated:** [January 5, 2024, 5:28pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/setting-window-size-in-time-frequency-analysis/8046 "2024-01-05T17:28:59Z")
Hi, I have some time-locked LFP data and want to run a time-frequency analysis. However, when looking at the generated spectrogram (using tfr\_multitaper), we notice that the spectral estimate is smeared around the time … --- ## [Question about baseline in time-frequency representation](https://mne.discourse.group/t/question-about-baseline-in-time-frequency-representation/8033)
**Author:** [@yaqing](https://mne.discourse.group/u/yaqing)\ **Replies:** 2\ **Last updated:** [January 5, 2024, 5:02pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/question-about-baseline-in-time-frequency-representation/8033 "2024-01-05T17:02:54Z")
Dear Forum, I’m following the tutorial on this page for inspecting the time-frequency representation of my epoched data, and have some questions regarding how baseline correction is used. At the beginning of the tutoria… [Next page](https://mne.discourse.group/tag/time-frequency/28.md?match_all_tags=true&page=1&tags%5B%5D=time-frequency)