# How do I add event\_dict as label to raw data

**URL:** <https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070>\
**Category:** Support & Discussions\
**Created:** [December 16, 2022, 6:16am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070 "2022-12-16T06:16:59Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 9\
**Page:** 1

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![TTyb](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/ttyb/32/1989_2.png) [@TTyb](https://mne.discourse.group/u/TTyb)\
**Post date:** [December 16, 2022, 6:16am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/1 "2022-12-16T06:16:59Z")

</div>

I want to add the event\_dict in raw to the edf data as a label. My code is as follows:

```python
import mne
import os
import pandas as pd

pd.options.display.max_rows = 1000
pd.options.display.max_columns = 10000
pd.options.display.width = 10000

testing_data_folder = mne.datasets.testing.data_path()
eeglab_raw_file = os.path.join("C:/Users/taoya/mne_data/MNE-testing-data/EEGLAB/test_raw.set")
eeglab_raw = mne.io.read_raw_eeglab(eeglab_raw_file)

event_from_annot, event_dict = mne.events_from_annotations(eeglab_raw)
print(event_from_annot)
print(event_dict)

```

event\_dict result is `{'rt': 1, 'square': 2}`.

and than conver raw to dataframe show is :

```python
![image|690x74](upload://rJCJUtKcgvt517E1KloWAj7OU7N.png)

```

this shape is (30504, 33)。

when I use `mne.Epochs` show shape is `(14014, 35)`:

```python
epochs = mne.Epochs(eeglab_raw, events=event_from_annot, event_id=event_dict,
                    preload=True, baseline=None)

epochs_df = epochs.to_data_frame()
print(epochs_df.head(5))
print(epochs_df.shape)

```

this dataframe show is :

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/6/6c73ef718d78e548e631dc7b16e87b4bf2010fde.png)

Now I have two questions:

1. Why does mne.Epochs reduce shape? Is it because of tmax and tmin。and how to keep shape?
2. If I don’t use mne.Epochs, how do I add event\_dict as a list of labels to the eeglab\_raw dataframe

Thank you!

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![richard](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/richard/32/15_2.png) [@richard](https://mne.discourse.group/u/richard)\
**Post date:** [December 17, 2022, 11:54am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/2 "2022-12-17T11:54:12Z")

</div>

Hello,

> [@TTyb](#):
>
> Why does mne.Epochs reduce shape? Is it because of tmax and tmin

there are several potential reasons why you might end up with fewer epochs than events. It could be that an epoch might extend across the beginning or end of the raw data; it could be that parts of the raw data have been annotated as bad; etc.

To find out what’s happening, run

```python
epochs.plot_drop_log()

```

This will display a visualization of the reason(s) that lead to dropped epochs, and the frequency of this happening.

> [@TTyb](#):
>
> 1. If I don’t use mne.Epochs, how do I add event\_dict as a list of labels to the eeglab\_raw dataframe

I don’t understand that question, could you elaborate?

Best wishes,  
Richard

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![TTyb](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/ttyb/32/1989_2.png) [@TTyb](https://mne.discourse.group/u/TTyb)\
**Post date:** [December 19, 2022, 1:31am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/3 "2022-12-19T01:31:28Z")

</div>

When I use the epochs.plot\_drop\_log() method, I get this:  
Figure(640x480)

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/f/f80707a3e36212a47a9ed048921566cfd06ab2fe.png)

We have this problem (1)，the dataframe I get when I parse the edf is:

```python
eeglab_raw_df = eeglab_raw.to_data_frame()
print(eeglab_raw_df.head(5))

```

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/d/d633a2811782a22d3ff0d8f89dbed2cd87ff87bc.png)

the epochs dataframe I get when I parse the edf is:

```python
epochs = mne.Epochs(eeglab_raw, events=event_from_annot, event_id=event_dict,
                    preload=True, baseline=None)

epochs_df = epochs.to_data_frame()
print(epochs_df.head(5))

```

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/d/d5b740ae9d701caf620e86ec30ec28bed34761fe.png)

now, I want to add epochs\_df’s column `condition` to eeglab\_raw\_df,but I don’t know how to do that

Looking forward to your reply,thank you !

---

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**Author:** ![CarinaFo](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/carinafo/32/746_2.png) [@CarinaFo](https://mne.discourse.group/u/CarinaFo)\
**Post date:** [December 19, 2022, 11:44am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/4 "2022-12-19T11:44:48Z")

</div>

Hello,

if I understand your question, you want to access the event array:  
You can access it like this:

```python
epochs.events

epochs.events.shape # the shape should be the number of epochs x 3

# the 3 dimensions per epoch are the timestamp, the event duration and the event ID, e.g. 

array([[392, 0, 1],
       [1461, 0, 1],
       [2464, 0, 1]

# you can access the event ID by indexing the 3rd dimension per epoch: 

epochs.events[:,2]

```

Hope this helped,

Carina

---

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**Author:** ![TTyb](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/ttyb/32/1989_2.png) [@TTyb](https://mne.discourse.group/u/TTyb)\
**Post date:** [December 20, 2022, 3:18am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/5 "2022-12-20T03:18:06Z")

</div>

Hello,thank you for your reply,I print `epochs.events` and `epochs.events.shape` show:

```python
(154, 3)
[[128 0 2]
 [217 0 2]
 [267 0 1]
 [602 0 2]
...

```

that `event_dict` is `{'rt': 1, 'square': 2}`.

OK,but when I show `epochs.to_data_frame()`, it‘s dataframe column name is：

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/4/4d20796b5cacb989217e145b201387f41d4f063b.png)

and show `epochs.to_data_frame().head(200)`:

 ![image](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/mne/original/2X/f/f85650657bcd370c170bc88860b7391cdba41061.png)

now, 'the 3 dimensions per epoch are the timestamp, the event duration and the event ID, e.g. ', if first column is timestamp, `epochs.events` show first raw is `128 0 2`

`epochs.to_data_frame().head(200)` index 0 to 181 is `square` , I don’t know that why `epochs.events` show first timestamp is 128 and `square` in the range of index 0 to 181

Looking forward to your reply, thank you !

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![richard](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/richard/32/15_2.png) [@richard](https://mne.discourse.group/u/richard)\
**Post date:** [December 20, 2022, 9:03am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/6 "2022-12-20T09:03:33Z")

</div>

@larsoner @agramfort I believe what’s needed here is a way to retain the raw’s sample numbers when constructing the Epochs DataFrame. This would allow to later join the Epochs and the Raw DataFrame using the sample number as index.

But I’m not sure if it’s worth having.

I think we discussed something related before the introduction of Epochs metadata, but I’m not sure what we ended up doing…

Thoughts?

---

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**Author:** ![larsoner](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/larsoner/32/3_2.png) [@larsoner](https://mne.discourse.group/u/larsoner)\
**Post date:** [December 20, 2022, 2:07pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/7 "2022-12-20T14:07:55Z")

</div>

> [@richard](#):
>
> I believe what’s needed here is a way to retain the raw’s sample numbers when constructing the Epochs DataFrame.

This sounds like something that could fairly easily be done by the end user, e.g., by adding `events[epochs.selection, 0]` to `epochs.metadata` after creation, no?

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![richard](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/richard/32/15_2.png) [@richard](https://mne.discourse.group/u/richard)\
**Post date:** [December 20, 2022, 3:33pm UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/8 "2022-12-20T15:33:52Z")

</div>

> [@larsoner](#):
>
> This sounds like something that could fairly easily be done by the end user, e.g., by adding `events[epochs.selection, 0]` to `epochs.metadata` after creation, no?

I meant the sample numbers relating to **all** data points in the raw, not just the ones relating to events.

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![TTyb](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/mne.discourse.group/ttyb/32/1989_2.png) [@TTyb](https://mne.discourse.group/u/TTyb)\
**Post date:** [December 21, 2022, 8:49am UTC](https://mne.discourse.group/t/how-do-i-add-event-dict-as-label-to-raw-data/6070/9 "2022-12-21T08:49:10Z")

</div>

Yes ，I think this is necessary, and I found some bugs in it：

```python
event_from_annot, event_dict = mne.events_from_annotations(eeglab_raw)
data, times = eeglab_raw[:, :]
eeglab_raw_df["real_time"] = times
print(event_from_annot[0:100,:])
print(eeglab_raw_df[["time","real_time"]].head(500))

annotations_list = []
for i in range(len(eeglab_raw.annotations.onset)):
    annotations_list.append((eeglab_raw.annotations.onset[i],eeglab_raw.annotations.description[i],eeglab_raw.annotations.duration[i]))
print(annotations_list)

```

`event_from_annot[0:100,:]` show:

```python
[[128 0 2]
 [217 0 2]
 [267 0 1]
 [602 0 2]
 [659 0 1]
 [987 0 2]
 [1372 0 2]
 [1447 0 1]
 [1757 0 2]
 [1807 0 1]
 [2142 0 2]
 [2200 0 1]
 [2527 0 2]
...

```

`annotations_list` show:

```python
[(1.000068, 'square', 0.0), (1.695381, 'square', 0.0), (2.082407, 'rt', 0.0), (4.703193, 'square', 0.0), (5.148224, 'rt', 0.0), (7.711006, 'square', 0.0), ...]

```

`eeglab_raw_df[["time","real_time"]].head(500)` show:

```python
     time real_time
0 0 0.000000
1 8 0.007812
2 16 0.015625
3 23 0.023438
...
264 2062 2.062500
265 2070 2.070312
266 2078 2.078125
267 2086 2.085938
268 2094 2.093750
269 2102 2.101562
270 2109 2.109375
271 2117 2.117188
...

```

I Know from `eeglab_raw.annotations.onset` that ‘rt’ starts at 2.082407 seconds,

I Know from `event_from_annot[0:100,:]` that ‘rt’ index is 267,

but I get eeglab\_raw\_df 267 is `267 2086 2.085938`？

so,I just want using event as label,raw as tarin data to train my model,but I don’t know how to join event label to raw data.

So,can you solve it as soon as possible, or is there any other way?